Nintendo DS Architecture

Anti-Piracy

• Arisotura, Getting somewhere.
• Martin Korth, DS encryption by gamecode/idcode (KEY1).
• Martin Korth, DS encryption by random seed (KEY2).
• Martin Korth, DS wifi nintendo DS download play.
• Acekard, Acekard RPG 4.06 source code.
• ndsbackup.com, NDS WiFiMe. Archived.
• Rafael Vuijk, Touch DS ? .hack//DS !. 2005. Archived.
• natrium42, Design of small CPLD passthrough. 2005. Archived.
• GBASP, History of FlashMe.
• Damian Yerrick, Nintendo DS passthrough methods.
• Bruce Schneier, The blowfish encryption algorithm.
• Terminator02, The SuperCard DSTWO beginner’s guide: How to setup the DSTWO.

Audio

• Martin Korth, DS sound channels 0..15.
• Martin Korth, DS sound control registers.

CPU

• Martin Korth, Gameboy advance / nintendo DS (Technical Info).
• osdl.sourceforge.net, A guide to homebrew development for the nintendo DS.
• ARM Holdings, ARM946E-s technical reference manual.
• Chris Double, ARM9-ARM7 FIFO.
• Dave Jaggar, ARM microprocessor rise and fall. Talks at Google, Youtube.
• Stephen B. Furber, ARM system architecture. Addison-Wesley, 1999.
• Google, Android ABI management - supported ABIs (Archived). 2018.
• Intel, Pentium processor datasheet. 1997.
• Tony Smith, Intel sells XScale business to marvell for 600m.
• Martin Korth, DS memory maps.
• Martin Korth, DS memory timings.

Games

• Martin Korth, DS cartridge header.
• Martin Korth, DS cartridge NitroROM and NitroARC file systems.
• Dirbaio, IS-NITRO-EMULATOR teardown.
• Retro Reversing, Nintendo DS (nitro) development kit hardware.
• Retro Reversing, Nintendo DS SDK (NITRO).
• Jonathan Coley, Nintendo not allowing third-party sound engines for DS (Archived). 2004.
• Andrew Alfonso, Nintendo DS opera browser. 2006.

Graphics

• Jaeden Amero, Introduction to nintendo DS programming. Archived.
• Martin Korth, DS video BG modes / control.
• BlocksDS, Bitmap sprites.
• Martin Korth, DS 3D overview.
• Martin Korth, DS 3D display control.
• Martin Korth, DS 3D status.
• Martin Korth, DS 3D geometry commands.
• Arisotura, The DS GPU and its fun quirks.

I/O

• Martin Korth, DS cartridge i/o ports.
• Martin Korth, DS cartridge backup.
• Martin Korth, DS cart unknown extras.
• device.report, Bluetooth certification - broadcom corporation - BCM2070 - BCM2070.
• Giant Bomb, DSvision.
• DRFInPerson, DSVision review.
• Chris Double, Homebrew nintendo DS development part 9 - microphone.
• Kaeru Team, Nds-constrain’t.
• Authors of BlocksDS, Wi-fi (accessed 20-January-2026).

Operating System

• Pocketheaven.com, DS firmware. Archived.
• Pocketheaven.com, DS bricker. Archived.
• psiloveomega, Booting the nintendo DS - a technical summary.

Photography

• Evan Amos, The vanamo online game museum.
• Rodrigo Copetti (Me), Diagrams, casual photos, screenshots and videos.